Primarily sandy habitat; occasionally observed in shallow water and in the water column.
Geographic distribution:
Lake-wide distribution in Lake Malawi, but rare at any given location.
Typical adult size:
Large species; adult males commonly exceed 20 cm total length.
Diet:
Specialized predator of hard-shelled invertebrates. Frequently observed feeding on freshwater
crabs (Potamonautes orbitospinus) and other large crustaceans; strong pharyngeal plates with molariform teeth adapted for crushing.
Breeding:
Breeding males are rarely encountered and are usually seen in shallow water, sometimes in the water column. Spawning sites have not been observed; breeding inside caves has been suggested. Mouthbrooding females have not been documented in the wild.
Special notes:
Despite its wide distribution, this species is seldom seen. Its feeding specialization on large crabs distinguishes it from most other members of the genus.
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